Notes for Romans 9,10,11
Chapter 9: Israel’s Past

1. Paul expresses deep sorrow over Israel’s unbelief; not accepting Jesus as the Christ. 
2. The Jewish people were specifically chosen by God.

      The covenants 
      The Law
      The Temple
      The promises
      The prophets
      The Messiah

3. Not all physical descendants are true Israel. 
    Issac over Ishmael and Jacob over Esau. 

4. God is sovereign in His choosing.

5. Potter & the clay. God shapes the outcomes.

6. Inclusion of Gentiles-
   Gentiles pursued through faith.
   Jews pursued through the law.
   
7. Stumbling stone. The Jews stumbled over Jesus because they were expecting a different kind of Messiah.

Questions:

1. Is God unjust towards Israel?
2. What does hardening mean?
3. What does it mean that God is sovereign?

Chapter 10. Israel’s Present

1. The Jews have a genuine zeal but it is misdirected.
2. The Jews pursued righteousness through the law and the gentiles pursued righteousness through faith.
3. Christ is the fulfillment of the law. Righteousness only comes through faith in Christ not the law.
4. Salvation is based on faith, not works and is available to both Gentiles and Jews.
5. There is a necessity to preach. Hearing and believing.
6. Gentiles responded, Israel resisted.
7. Israel chose relationship with the law over relationship with Christ.

Questions: 

1. What is the difference between righteousness based on the law and righteousness based on faith?
2. How does confession with the mouth and belief in the heart produce salvation?
3. Why did Israel trust in the law yet seem to break it so much?

Chapter 11 Israel’s Future

1. Talk about how the current rejection of Israel to the gospel is good for the world.
2. What does Paul mean by the remnant? Think Elijah
3. What is meant by the strategy of jealousy? 
4. What is Paul’s warning to the Gentiles?
5. At the end of the chapter is Paul saying there will be a mass revival of Jews into the Kingdom?

Questions:
1.Has God rejected his chosen people forever? See vs. 25 - 32
2. What is the significance of the olive tree analogy?
3. What are your thought on Romans 11:26?